Understanding the Letter C: Hard C vs. Soft C

by

The letter C can make two distinct sounds: /k/ as in “cat” and /s/ as in “city.” But do you know when and why it makes these different sounds? Let’s explore the rules that govern the pronunciation of this versatile letter.

Infographic for A Village Learning Center explaining "Soft C" and "Hard C" pronunciation. Soft C: /s/ before E, I, Y; examples: city, cell, cycle. Hard C: /k/ with other letters; examples: cut, cold, crush. Includes illustrations of a bike and a cat to enhance literacy education tips.

The Soft C

When the letter C is followed by the letters E, I, or Y, it will usually produce its soft sound /s/. This rule is typically taught after students have mastered the hard C sound in first grade. Here are some examples:

  • city
  • cell
  • cycle
  • face
  • icy
  • prince

The Hard C

When the letter C is not followed by E, I, or Y, it will produce the hard sound /k/. Here are some examples:

  • cut
  • cold
  • crush
  • cream
  • clutch
  • cat

Understanding these rules helps students improve their reading and pronunciation skills. By learning when C will sound like /s/ and when it will sound like /k/, students can better navigate the complexities of the English language.

At A Village Learning Center, we make phonics fun and accessible for all our students. Join us as we explore more fascinating aspects of language and help your child become a confident reader!